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J. Moll. Stud. (1999), 65, 275-288
© The Malacological Society of London 1999

Distribution in relation to life history in the direct–developing gastropod Batillaria cumingi (Batillariidae) on two shores of contrasting substrata

Naoko Adachi and Keiji Wada

Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Nara Womenís University, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan

Population structure and spatial distribution with growth of the direct-developing gastropod, Batillaria cumingi, were investigated on two shores of differing substrata. Sand-mud shore and rocky shore populations differed in size structure; first-year snails were ca. 7 mm in shell length (SL) in both populations, whereas second-year snails, merging with older cohorts, measured 15–25 mm SL in the sand-mud shore population and ca. 15 mm SL in the rocky shore population. Egg distribution matched adult distribution in the sand-mud shore population, but was more restricted than that of adults in the rocky shore population. The distribution of newly-hatched juveniles (0–1 mm SL) was restricted in both populations, but the growth stage at which snails extended their distribution differed between the two populations; 1–2.5 mm SL on the sand-mud shore and 5 mm SL on the rocky shore. Floating achieved by early juveniles (ca. 2 mm SL), was commonly observed in the sand-mud population, but rarely in the rocky shore population. The sudden expansion in distribution of the 1–2.5 mm SL growth stage in the sand-mud shore population is considered to have been caused by floating, while expansion of the distribution of older growth stages (>5 mm SL) in the rocky shore population probably occurs by crawling.

(Received 13 May 1998; accepted 25 August 1998)


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