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J. Moll. Stud. (2000), 66, 69-82
© The Malacological Society of London 2000

TAXONOMIC REVISION OF THE COMMON SOUTH AMERICAN NUDIBRANCH ANISODORIS FONTAINI (D'ORBIGNY, 1837), WITH DISCUSSION OF ITS SYSTEMATIC PLACEMENT

MICHAEL SCHRÖDL

Zoologisches Staatssnchhausenstr. 21, München, Germany. e-mail: schroedl{at}zi.biologie.uni-muenchen.de

The taxonomy of the externally similar Chilean nudibranch species Anisodoris tessellata Bergh, 1898, Archidoris? incerta Bergh, 1898, Neodoris carvi Marcus, 1959 and Neodoris erinacea Marcus, 1959 has been controversial. In this study type material has been re-examined and compared with the common Magellanic species Anisodoris fontaini (d'Orbigny, 1837); of the latter species a neotype is designated. In contrast to former descriptions, all of these species are shown here not to differ regarding quantity, arrangement and inner structure of notal spicules, nor regarding radular features. In addition Neodoris carvi and N. erinacea possess large, muscular penial papillae which were overlooked in the original descriptions. These species are removed from the genus Neodoris Baba, 1938 which is defined as lacking a penial papilla. Showing no relevant morphological or anatomical differences to A. fontaini, both N. carvi and N. erinacea are considered to be junior synonyms of Anisodoris fontaini. The synonymy of A. tessellata with A. fontaini is confirmed. A lectotype of Archidoris? incerta has been designated. Archidoris incerta and its unnamed variety are shown to fit into the range of variation of A. fontaini regarding all known features. Consequently, A. incerta is also a junior synonym of Anisodoris fontaini. Including all synonyms, A. fontaini has a continuously documented geographical range from northern Argentina to Cape Horn and, along the Chilean Pacific coast, extends north to the Peruvian border. The problematic generic and familiar placement of A. fontaini is discussed.

(Received ; accepted 12 May 1999)


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