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Journal of Molluscan Studies 2004 70(4):379-388; doi:10.1093/mollus/70.4.379
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© The Malacological Society of London 2004

INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF FRESHWATER PEARL MUSSELS (BIVALVIA: MARGARITIFERIDAE) BASED ON MOLECULAR DATA: IMPLICATIONS FOR THEIR TAXONOMY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY

STEPHANIE W. HUFF1, DAVID CAMPBELL2, DANIEL L. GUSTAFSON3, CHARLES LYDEARD2, CRISTIAN R. ALTABA4 and GONZALO GIRIBET1

1Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;2University of Alabama, Biodiversity and Systematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; 3Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; and 4Laboratory of Human Systematics, University of the Balearic Islands, 07071 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

Correspondence: Gonzalo Giribet; e-mail: ggiribet{at}oeb.harvard.edu

The phylogenetic relationships among selected members of the family Margaritiferidae are investigated using sequence data from five molecular markers. Parsimony analyses of the data support the recognition of those nominal species for which multiple samples were included in the study (Margaritifera margaritifera, M. laevis, M. falcata and M. auricularia). Although not always strongly supported, the following relationships were consistently recovered: (Cumberlandia + Margaritifera auricularia), (M. falcata (M. marrianae + M. laevis)) and to a lesser degree (Dahurinaia dahurica + M. margaritifera). The molecular phylogeny indicates that the taxonomy of the group is in need of revision since the genus Margaritifera is not monophyletic and a new taxonomy by Smith (2001) is not supported. A complicated pattern of biogeography was suggested by the three clades of Old World + New World species. It is difficult to determine whether this pattern is a reflection of extinction and contraction of an ancient, formerly widespread margaritiferid fauna, peripheral isolation of formerly widespread taxa, fish host dispersal, or even host switching.

(Received 10 November 2003; accepted 31 March 2004)


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