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Journal of Molluscan Studies 2008 74(3):223-238; doi:10.1093/mollus/eyn010
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved

Three new species of Simrothiellidae (Solenogastres) associated with the hot-vent biotope

Luitfried von Salvini-Plawen

Zentrum für Zoologie, Althanstrasse 14, Universität Wien, A-1090 Wien, Austria

Correspondence: L. von Salvini-Plawen; e-mail: luitfried.salvini-plawen{at}univie.ac.at


  Abstract

Solenogastres specimens collected during three French cruises at different hydrothermal vent sites represent three undescribed species, all belonging to the family Simrothiellidae (order Cavibelonia): Helicoradomenia parathermalis n. sp. comes from five stations of the Southeast Pacific Rise, Sensilloherpia pholidota n. sp, n. gen., is recorded from two stations of the Northeast Pacific Rise, and Diptyaloherpia insolita n. sp, n. gen., originates from one station of the Northeast Pacific Rise. The organization of the three species is systematically compared, and the two new genera are defined; they enlarge our knowledge of the organizational diversity of Solenogastres. The definitions of Simrothiellidae and of the order Cavibelonia are emended correspondingly. The common characters of all hot vent Solenogastres and adaptations in relation to this particular biotope are discussed; these include a particular anterior sense organ, solid mantle sclerites, latero-ventral foregut glandular organs of the clustered type, and a non-cnidarian diet, probably of polychaetes.

(Received 4 October 2007; accepted 25 February 2008)


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