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Journal Molluscan Studies Advance Access published online on August 5, 2005
Journal of Molluscan Studies, doi:10.1093/mollus/eyi043
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Studies on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved
Received November 18, 2004
Accepted April 8, 2005

Article

GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION OF SHELL MORPHOLOGY IN CYPRAEA ANNULUS (GASTROPODA: CYPRAEIDAE)

TAKAHIRO IRIE 1*

1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
TAKAHIRO IRIE, E-mail: irie{at}bio-math10.biology.kyushu-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

Macro- and microgeographic variation of shell morphology in Cypraea annulus was studied. Surveys of phenotypic variation in 19 populations from the Indian and West Pacific Oceans revealed a significant positive relationship between average seawater temperature and callus thickness. In contrast, juvenile shell size after maturation had no significant relationship with seawater temperature. Research on within-population variation in Okinawa Island indicated that shell morphology is correlated with some ecological factors such as temperature and algal abundance. Both juvenile shell size and callus thickness decreased with increasing density of individuals. These microgeographical patterns suggest that ecophenotypic variation, rather than genetic differentiation, causes the latitudinal clines in shell morphology that have been reported in several cypraeid species.


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